Table of Contents
Legend
 - NPS access only |  - Full text |  - Password required |
 - Army Knowledge Online |  - Navy Knowledge Online | - Air Force Portal |
The following links are provided for research and information purposes only to be used by students, faculty and staff.
Congressional bills are indexed by the Calendar Year [CY] while funding is based on the Fiscal Year [FY]. To find the desired Defense bill/funding information, one has to look at the CY prior to the FY one is interested in. [e.g. CY 1998 for FY 1999]
The information the defense budget students are usually looking for includes:
Bill and Resolution Types
- Concurrent Resolution
- Defense Authorization
- Defense Appropriation
- MILCON [Military Construction]
- Reconciliation bill
- Supplemental or Continuing Resolution
Information Needed for Each of the Above Bills or Resolutions
- What was the bill number which was ultimately enacted
- When was bill submitted or introduced
- When did it go to the House or Senate Committee or Subcommittee & which one
- When did it reach the House or Senate floor
- What was the House or Senate report number
- What was the House or Senate bill number
- What was the conference report number
- When was the conference report issued
- When did the conference report pass the House
- When did the conference report pass the Senate
- When did the President sign it
- What was the public law [PL] number
- How much was requested and what was finally appropriated
Sources to use to answer the questions:
CQ Budget Tracker
CQ Budget Tracker pulls together information on one page for the House and Senate version of each appropriations bill. Reporting on key decision points include hearings, markups, amendments and conference coverage. You can track appropriations documents from the draft stage through the conference report. CQ Budget Tracker lets you search the complete text of committee reports, including the charts that hold the most elusive line items. Follow dollar amounts at the account level with CQ's spreadsheet style charts, updated as each bill proceeds through the legislative process.
DoD Appropriations Laws
The staff of the Pentagon Library prepare and update a table with the following information. Coverage is from FY61 on
a. house and senate bill numbers
b. report numbers
c. conference report number
d. public law number
DoD National Defense Authorization Laws
The staff of the Pentagon Library prepare and update a table with the following information. Coverage is from FY61 on
a. house and senate bill numbers
b. report numbers
c. conference report number
d. public law number
Military Construction Appropriations Laws
The staff of the Pentagon Library prepare and update a table with the following information. Coverage is from FY83 on
a. house and senate bill numbers
b. report numbers
c. conference report number
d. public law number
CIS Legislative Histories of US Public Laws
ProQuest Congressional
One can search by bill number, PL number or subject. This is a very comprehensive source which give all related bills and reports as well
as the enacted ones. It has hot-links to the documents when available.
The following information is available for each Public Law:
a. Public Law [PL] number and date passed
b. Overview of the PL
c. House and Senate report numbers and dates with synopsis of report
d. Related reports
e. The enacted bill and related bills with bill number and dates
f. Congressional Record references for floor debate
g. Information related to hearings - titles, dates and overview
h. Committee print information
i. Related Documents if appropriate [e.g. veto messages]
j. References to any appropriate presidential statements in the Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents
Defense Authorization and Appropriation Bills: FY1970-FY2010
This is a Congressional Research Service report by Mari-Jana Oboroceanu [February 17, 2010]. For the authorization and appropriation bills
this provides the following information for each bill:
a. Report number and date reported
b. Date passed, vote number and the vote [yeas & nays]
c. Conference report number, date passed, vote number, yeas & nays
d. Public law number and date signed
e. Congressional action on DOD appropriations requests [requests, house, senate, and what was enacted]
f. Budget authority information
Defense Authorization and Appropriations Bills: FY1970-FY2011.
This is an update to the above report, by Nese F. DeBruyne [May 3, 2011], which is available to NPS users through our CQ Budget Tracker subscription. This report does not appear to be as readily available on the open web as previous versions. If you are not an NPS student, faculty or staff member, try this link, which MIGHT work for you: http://www.cq.com/graphics/crsreports/98-756_2011-05-03.pdf
Defense: FY**** Authorization and Appropriations [CRS reports]
The title has changed over time but the reports provides the dates, report numbers, etc., for the Budget Resolutions, Supplemental Appropriations,
Defense Authorization and Defense Appropriation bills.
FY 2011 - R41254
FY 2010 - R40567
FY 2009 - RL34473
FY 2008 - RL33999
FY 2007 - RL33405
FY 2006 - RL32924
FY 2005 - RL32305
FY 2004 - RL31805
FY 2003 - RL31305
FY 2002 - RL31010
FY 2001 - RL30505
FY 2000 - RL30205
FY 1999 - 98-205
Congressional Quarterly Almanac (Print version) [REF JK 1 C72]
Use the index, look under appropriate heading [e.g. Appropriations, Appropriations, supplement etc. and the then subheading of Defense
to locate the page references. The “Box Score” section will give a lot of the necessary information [bill numbers, House and Senate report
numbers, dates of passage and when signed]. There usually is also a page with a “Defense Spending” chart which as the amounts
requested. Look also for the chart labeled “Appropriations Mileposts” usually at the end of the Appropriations section. It will give the
bill number, Public Law number, date the House and Senate and reports were passed, the date the PL was signed and the page in the
Almanac where the related story can be found.
Congressional Quarterly Almanac
Content is similar to the print, described above. Coverage begins in 1945.
Federal Digital System (FDsys)
Although one can search this site, it is most useful if the enacted bill or Public Law number is known. When available these publications
are provides as TEXT and PDF files and will often include Summaries.
a. Bill number and date of introduction
b. Congressional documents
c. Congressional reports
d. Congressional committee prints
e. Congressional hearings
f. Congressional Record
g. History of Bills [bill number, sponsor, related reports, and PL number and date of passage if relevant]
h. Public Laws
Thomas [Library of Congress Legislative Information on the Internet].
This site is most useful if the enacted bill or Public Law number is known. When the PL is known the following is easily obtained.
When appropriate, links to the related information are also included.
a. Text or PDF version of the law
b. Sponsor
c. Bill number and date of passage
d. Bill summary and status info
e. Detailed legislative status
f. Floor/executive actions including roll call votes
g. Congressional record page references
Status of Current Appropriations Bills [from Thomas, Library of Congress Legislative Information on the Internet]
a. FY 2012 Appropriation Bills [includes links back to FY1998]
b. Appropriations Legislation FY1998-FY2004
To find Defense Budget figures go to the following:
Budget of the United States Government Office of Management and Budget (OMB) or GPO FDsys [searchable]
Commonly referred to as the "President's Budget." These sites provides links to various budget publications from 1996 to the present. These documents are not strictly for defense information
but all should include it.
Included are:
a. Sequestration Update Report -- provides current estimates of the status of discretionary spending and the discretionary spending limits.
It also provides the status of pay-as-you-go legislation
b. Mid-Session Review -- contains revised estimates of the budget surplus, receipts, outlays, and budget authority
c. FY Budget was transmitted to Congress in February each year and covers the fiscal year beginning October of year year
d. Appendix
e. Historical Tables
f. Various supporting documents
Office of the Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller) Home Page
This site is Grand Central Station for the annual BES, or Budget Estimate Submission, i.e., DoD's budget request. It also provides detailed
information on the justification for the request. Links to various important Defense Budget documents are available from this page which includes
detailed supplemental materials and Service budget documentation pages. See particularly the link on the left to Budget Materials.
Be sure to see the National Defense Budget Estimates for the FY Budget (Green Book) [FY 2012] as it provides a variety of tables and breakdowns
with information going back to 1947. This document is especially useful to those looking for historical budget data, to detect patterns, trends, etc.
DOD supplemental materials: [links are for latest editions - be sure to see the DOD Budget site for the accompanying Excel files]
a. Military Personnel Programs (M-1)
b. Operation and Maintenance Programs (O-1)
c. Program Acquisition Costs by Weapon System
d. Procurement Programs (P-1)
e. Procurement Programs (P-1R) Reserve Components
f. Research, Development, Test & Evaluation Programs (R-1)
g. Military Construction, Family Housing, and Base Realignment and Closure Program (C-1)
h. National Defense Budget Estimates for FY Budget (Green Book)
Service Pages:
a. Air Force Budget materials
b. Army Budget materials
c. Navy and Marine Corps [overall site -- see the Products section]
Annual Report to the President and the Congress
Internet version [1995-2005]
Print version [1948-2001 ] D 1.1:YEAR FEDDOCS
Commonly referred to as the Annual Defense Report or SecDef Annual Report. See the Appendices section for each year - the
budget information is typically in
Section B [unfortunately it has not been updated since 2005]
a. B-1 - Budget Authority by Appropriation
b. B-2 - Budget Authority by Component
Useful Congressional Links
Budget Committees
House Senate Democratic Republican Appropriations Committees
House House Subcommittee on Defense House Subcommittee on Military Construction, Veterans Affairs and Related Agencies Senate Senate Subcommittee on Defense Senate Subcommittee on Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Armed Services Committees
House Senate Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives Department of Defense, Legislative Affairs U.S. House of Representatives U.S. Senate Congressional Research Service (CRS)
Sources for CRS Reports (Dudley Knox Library)
Other Government Agencies
Congressional Budget Office Publications Defense Budgets Defense Systems Infrastructure and Support Military Forces Studies & Reports Cost Estimates Testimony Technical Papers Department of Defense Business Transformation Agency (BTA) Department of Defense Congressional Budget Data [sponsored by DTIC]
Previous years Department of Defense Inspector General (DODIG) Publications Audit and Policy & Oversight Reports Inspections and Evaluations Investigations Intelligence Special Plans and Operations Department of Defense Office of the Deputy Chief Management Officer (DCMO) Publications Performance Budgets Strategic Management Plans FY 2008 Performance Report Government Accountability Office [GAO] (
formerly: General Accounting Office)
Publications Topical Collections Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Budget Executions Reports Budget information Earmarks Legislative information OMB Bulletins OMB Circulars OMB Memoranda Recovery.gov [Track the Money]
This is the U.S. government's official web site providing easy access to data related to the Recovery Act.
Treasury Department Bureau of the Public Debt Comptroller of the Currency Financial Management Service (FMS) Internal Revenue Service (IRS) USAspending.gov This site allows users to see where federal contracting dollars and grant awards go. Information is available for the top contractors as well as
by state, congressional district and more. Also includes overviews by major agency.
Think Tanks and Lobbyist Organizations
For a larger list see the Think Tanks and Research Centers section on our Navigating the Military Internet page.
Budget Analyst
Center for Defense Information (CDI)
Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments (CSBA)
FY 2012 Defense Budget: What to Expect in an Age of Austerity
Analysis of the FY 2011 Defense Budget
Analysis of the FY 2010 Defense Budget Request
Center on Budget and Policy Priorities (CBPP)
Citizens Against Government Waste (CAGW)
Pig Book
Pig Database
Pork Barrel Report
Prime Cuts
State Piglets
Federal Budget Requests for Science and Technology (tracked by the American Institute of Physics)
Heritage Foundation Research
Budget Chartbook
Federal Budget and Spending
Ten Myths About the Defense Budget
OMB Watch
Federal Budget
Fed.Spending.org [searchable database of federal spending]
Project on Defense Alternatives(PDA)
Defense Budget Resources 2011
Stimson Center
National Security Spending
Publications and Resources
BudgetAnalyst.com
CQ Budget Tracker
CQ Today
CQ Weekly Report
Defense Budget Reports (OSD Comptroller)
Defense Budget Primer (CRS report by Mary T. Tyszkiewicz and Stephen Daggett)
Documents on Military Spending (Federation of American Scientists)
Basic Budget Guidance Documents
This site hasn't been updated in a while but may still be useful.
How Congress Works
From the House Rules Committee, this site has a variety of good links to information about the legislative process in general as well as the budget process.
Inside Defense
in particular see the Defense Budget Alert section
SIPRI Military Expenditures Database
This database on military expenditures covers about 165 countries and contains consistent time series for 1998 to the present
State of the Union's Finances: A Citizen's Guide - April 2010 [Peter G. Peterson Foundation]
This page provides links to download the April 2010 and March 2009 Guides.
Budget Process Information
The Appropriations & Budget Process [a flowchart]
Budget Formulation and Presentation - DoD Financial Management Regulation 7000.14-R
Congressional Budget Process: An Explanation [Senate Budget Committee]
Congressional Budget Process Timetable [updated March 2008]
Glossary of Budget Terms
Introduction to the Federal Budget Process [CRS report]
Policy Basics: Introduction to the Federal Budget Process [from the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities]
Status of Current Appropriations Bills
Legislative Process
Enactment of a Law
How Congress Works (House of Representatives Committee on Rules)
How Our Laws are Made
Legislative Archive [House]
The House Explained
All links checked and updated: 7/5/2011
